(;GM[1]FF[4]CA[UTF-8]AP[CGoban:3]ST[2]RU[Chinese]SZ[19]KM[7.50]GN[Lee-Sedol-vs-Gu-Li-20140126]PW[Gu Li]PB[Lee Sedol]WR[9d]BR[9d]DT[2014-01-26]EV[MLily Gu vs Lee Jubango]RO[Game 1]PC[Beijing, China]SO[http://gogameguru.com/]AN[An Younggil 8p]C[This was the first game of the MLily Gu vs Lee Jubango, played between Gu Li 9p and Lee Sedol 9p on January 26, 2014.This event will almost certainly be the most popular and exciting match of 2014.These two players have been the top two in the world over the last 10 years, and their head to head record before the match stood at 17-1-16 in Gu Li's favor (with one draw).Among those 34 official games, there have already been many exciting and spectacular contests between these two players.Even though they both lost in the finals of international tournaments in 2013, They both took domestic titles just before starting this match in 2014.Internationally, in 2013, Gu Li was defeated by Mi Yuting 9p in the 1st MLily Cup final and Lee Sedol was defeated by Chen Yaoye 9p and Tang Weixing 9p in the 9th Chunlan Cup and 2013 Samsung Cup finals respectively.However, in January 2014, in China, Gu Li won the 5th Longxing tournament, defeating Li Zhe 6p in the final. Meanwhile, in Korea, Lee Sedol won the 32nd KBS Cup, defeating Park Junghwan 9p.It's very hard to guess who will win this jubango, but it's surely a special gift for Go fans to be able to watch these two play a series of high quality games together.We're working on a Go book about this match. You can think of this commentary as the first draft and we'd greatly appreciate your input into the final book! You can learn more about the book here: http://gogameguru.com/lee-sedol-vs-gu-li-go-book/Share your feedback here: http://gogameguru.com/go-commentary-lee-sedol-vs-gu-li-jubango-game-1/And follow this match as it happens here: http://gogameguru.com/tag/mlily-gu-vs-lee-jubango/Let's have a look at the first game!]RE[B+Resign];B[pd];W[dp];B[qp];W[dc];B[fq];W[dn]LB[cn:A]C[The low enclosure at A is more common than this move, but Gu Li likes to answer here because his style emphasizes thickness and fighting. This move has become more popular again in recent years, in part because Gu Li always answers here.](;B[lq]LB[qp:3][fq:5][lq:7]C[Lee chose to play the Micro Chinese Opening, creating a framework at the bottom with 3, 5 and 7.];W[eq]C[White kicked Black's stone with 8 because he wanted to make it heavier before attacking it.];B[fp];W[ip]LB[fp:2][ip:3][eq:1]C[Kicking and pincering with 1-3 is typical of Gu Li's style of play.](;B[ci]LB[ce:B][cl:A]C[Lee didn't respond directly to White's invasion and split the left side instead. A and B are miai for Black next.](;W[ck]LB[dn:A]C[Extending here is more important for White. That's because White's earlier high move at A 'leaves the door open' with respect the territory in the lower left corner.](;B[ce]C[Approaching here was the right move.](;W[op]LB[ed:A]C[Reinforcing the top left corner at A is a basic joseki, but it looks slack, so Gu approached here. Gu Li's opening is dynamic and lively!](;B[lo]TR[ip][op]C[Black has three groups to look after at the bottom now. Black chose to jump out with the center group because it splits and weakens both White's marked stones. This move also helps Black's other groups at the bottom, indirectly.](;W[go]LB[ip:A]TR[fp][fq]C[It's more important for White to attack the marked stones, while also helping his pincer stone at A.](;B[qn]LB[op:A]C[The stone at A is still light, and it's hard for Black to swallow this area (and the stone) in one move.](;W[jq]TR[fp][fq]C[This move was bold. It intended to induce Black into moving the marked stones out by threatening to capture them on the largest possible scale.](;B[en]C[Attaching here was a nice tesuji. Black should escape here, to prevent White from completing a very large territory.](;W[dm]C[This was the right answer for White.];B[em]TR[fp][fq]C[It may seem a bit too early to move the marked stones out, but there weren't any other good options.](;W[gm]TR[em][en][fp][fq]C[Jumping here was a powerful move, which kept the pressure on Black's lower left group. The opening up to here looks better for White, but I couldn't find any questionable moves by Black. All I can say is that Gu Li's intuition for the opening is extraordinary.](;B[do]LB[eo:A][fo:B]C[Lee wedged here, to settle the shape and prevent White from cutting at A.];W[co];B[eo](;W[dl]LB[cq:A]C[This is another move that epitomizes Gu Li's style. It's slow, because White will want to spend another move in the corner later to prevent Black A. However, Gu might have thought that this move was best, because it creates more power in the center and helps to attack Black's lower left group more severely.];B[fl](;W[fr]C[This hane was a mistake.](;B[hq]LB[er:B][gr:A]C[Jumping here, and omitting the exchange of A for B, was a brilliant idea which preserved Black's aji in the lower left corner.](;W[im]C[Gu looked after his center group with this nice shape, but it was another questionable move.];B[cp]LB[hq:A]C[This cut was unexpected, but it was a good followup after A.];W[cq];B[bp](;W[bo]C[It was necessary for White to block here, in order to avoid losing points, but...];B[bq];W[cr](;B[br]C[Pushing here was another unexpectedly good move.](;W[bs]C[This was the correct answer, but the result was already good for Black.];B[er]C[Cutting here was the beginning of a very nice sequence.](;W[es];B[gr](;W[fs]LB[gs:A]C[Answering here was necessary, but Black can still atari at A in sente at anytime later, and this gave Black a big advantage in later fighting.];B[fj]C[At this point, White still had more territory on the board, but Black had accumulated more power.](;W[hj];B[kl]TR[hj][gm][im][go][ip][jq]C[This move shows Lee Sedol's good sense play in the center. It was suddenly revealed that White's marked stones were weaker than they looked when Black played here.];W[qq](;B[rq];W[ln]LB[hk:A]C[This was Gu Li's counter-attack. Gu didn't retreat, he fought back, and the game became more exciting. With this move, Gu can defend the weakness around A indirectly.](;B[mn]LB[kn:A]C[Lee fell back because he didn't think the fight starting with the hane at A would favor Black. When your reading shows that a fight will lead to a bad result, or will become difficult for you, you should look for another path. To paraphrase Sun Zi's 'Art of War', "he who knows when to fight, and when not to, will win."];W[lm];B[mo]TR[op][qq]C[Black's satisfied to fall back solidly and make White's marked stones weaker.];W[di]TR[fj][fl][em][en][do][eo][fp][fq][hq][gr]C[White started his leaning attack against Black's lower left group.](;B[jn]C[This was the vital point. Lee didn't forget to look for a counter-punch, even though his other group was already under attack.];W[gp];B[gq];W[gl](;B[gk]C[This sort of exchange - pushing into a knight's move without cutting - is normally bad. However, it was inevitable in this situation because Black needed to keep his stones connected.];W[hk](;B[fi]C[Even though the shape isn't pretty, this was the right way to move out.](;W[rr]C[This was a probe, but the timing was wrong.];B[in]C[Lee didn't miss this fleeting opportunity. He seized the initiative by attacking White's center group, before worrying about the lower right.](;W[hn]C[White defended here.];B[hp];W[jm](;B[ho]C[This was another good move.](;W[ko]LB[km:A]C[Gu didn't want to connect passively at A, so he haned here, but it lead to unexpected fighting afterwards.](;B[km]C[Lee even tried to cut the main body of White's group in two.];W[kn];B[io];W[kp];B[il]C[This was a very nice tesuji, and the game suddenly became easy for Black.];W[lp]C[White needs to look after his groups one by one.];B[pq](;W[nq]C[This was inevitable, but];B[qr]LB[in:B][rr:A]C[Black was happy with this result. The move at A was wasted, and this justified the wisdom of Black's tenuki and subsequent attack at B.](;W[jl]TR[im][jm]C[This move was played to save the marked stones in sente.];B[jk];W[hm];B[kk];W[ii]C[White's center group looks safe now, but];B[ik];W[hl];B[mk]C[Jumping here was the right direction of play, and];W[nl];B[nk];W[ol];B[ml];W[mm];B[on];W[nn](;B[ok];W[pl];B[pk]C[It was a good idea to keep pushing here.];W[ql];B[hh]TR[ik][jk][kk][mk][nk][ok][pk]C[Black had created power with the marked wall, so Black came and struck at the vital point of White's center group.](;W[jh];B[qk]C[Pushing here was still sente.](;W[rl]C[Descending here was necessary.](;B[jf]LB[ig:C][ih:A][ji:B]TR[jf][hh][fi]C[Black capped here. This was a good direction to attack from. With this move, Black can take profit at the top and look after his lower left group while attacking. This move also pushes White towards Black's powerful wall.This kind of haengma is often used to attack, but it's especially powerful when Black can exchange A for B in sente, as in this game.](;W[lh];B[lf];W[nh](;B[ph]TR[ik][jk][kk][mk][nk][ok][pk][qk][kl][ml][km]C[Black continued to attack naturally. This move defends Black's marked group, while stopping White's progress towards the edge. In general, if a weak group can reach the edge of the board it becomes easier to make eyes. It's already quite hard for White to reverse the game at this stage.];W[mf];B[le];W[ig];B[ki];W[kh](;B[mg]C[This was the right move, because there was some bad aji around here (see the variation).](;W[gh]C[White wanted to sacrifice this stone so that he could repair his potential cutting points in sente, before moving out.];B[gi];W[hi]C[White's one stone sacrifice was a good tesuji for escaping, but it also helped Black's group to become stronger.];B[gg];W[hg];B[fh];W[he]C[White successfully escaped towards the top of the board, but];B[ed]C[Pressing here was a textbook example of a leaning attack. White's center dragon still isn't settled and the game is easy and comfortable for Black now.](;W[hc]C[This was the right move, but];B[ec]C[Black was satisfied with this result. This is a good example of how to profit from indirect attacks.];W[ng]C[White's last hope was to start a complicated fight here, and](;B[mh]C[Even though this looks risky, it seems that Lee was confident about the fight that would occur after he played here.];W[mi];B[lg]C[Lee didn't retreat, but fought back.](;W[oi]C[This move was the right choice for White, and];B[li];W[nd];B[md];W[pi];B[qi];W[qh](;B[rj]C[This tiger's mouth was a good response.];W[nc](;B[mc];W[ri];B[qj];W[ne](;B[of]C[When Black peeped here,];W[pf]C[This tesuji was a very counter.](;B[qg]TR[mc][md][le][jf][lf][lg][mg][mh]C[Black had to reinforce here, to defend his center dragon, so White found time to attack Black's marked group.](;W[kc]C[Extending to here seems a bit too far, so this move was questionable.];B[id]C[Peeping here was sente, and](;W[hd]C[Connecting here was inevitable, but];B[jb]LB[jb:43][id:41]C[Black 141 and 143 were a good combination.];W[eb];B[fb];W[gb]LB[eb:44][gb:46][jc:A]C[White 144 and 146 were also a good combination, aiming to expose the cutting point at A in sente, but];B[db];W[jc];B[nb];W[ob];B[mb]C[Black's happy, because this connection is also sente.];W[pc]LB[oc:A]C[White had to play here, because there was a cutting point at A and damaging Black's corner like this was big. However, even though Black's corner was damaged...];B[ic];W[ib];B[kb]TR[jc][kc]C[Black was relieved, because he was able to capture White's key stones and live. White's big dragon was still in danger.](;W[ja]C[This hane looks as if it was played to gain more thinking time (timesuji). It looks like Gu Li started byo-yomi somewhere around here.];B[ka];W[fc];B[ea];W[fd];B[fe];W[ff]C[This was a good tesuji to make an eye in sente.](;B[ee]C[Connecting here was the correct move, and];W[gf];B[if];W[hf];B[dh]LB[di:A]C[Black was able to make a better shape than in the previous variation. Black had really wanted to play here ever since White attached at A. And now, Black had finally found an opportunity to play here naturally, in sente.];W[ia]C[This was the only move to save White's group.];B[lc];W[ie];B[jd];W[je];B[kd];W[ga]LB[ge:A][kf:B]C[White finally saved his big dragon (A and B are miai), but Black had sente now and the endgame was starting.];B[qd]C[This was a big endgame move, and it was also sente.];W[qc];B[rd];W[pg];B[rh];W[oe]LB[pb:B][of:A]C[White chose to capture Black's stone at A, and now this group was alive as well. White has another eye at B.];B[bj];W[bk];B[lr]LB[jr:B][lr:83][nr:A]C[Black 183 was the coup de grace. White couldn't capture Black's two stones because A and B were miai.](;W[oo]C[Reinforcing here was necessary.];B[mq];W[mp];B[rb]C[This was another sente endgame move.];W[rc];B[sc];W[qb];B[dj]LB[ch:A]C[There was some aji for White if he cut at A, so Lee reinforced here. Black's winning by around 15 points on the board now.];W[or];B[ep];W[dq];B[jr]LB[er:B][jr:95][or:92][gs:A]C[White 192 forced Black to connect with 195. Remember that Black A is sente because of Black's earlier tesuji at B, so Black's groups can't be separated.];W[pr];B[qs];W[ir];B[kr];W[iq];B[is];W[qf];B[rf];W[pn];B[po];W[pm];B[jg];W[ge];B[bm];W[bl];B[gs];W[dr];B[cj];W[el];B[fm];W[ek];B[fk];W[eg];B[ef];W[fg];B[dg];W[ro];B[rn];W[sn];B[sm];W[so];B[qo];W[rm];B[nr];W[oq];B[sp];W[sl];B[rp];W[sm];B[gh]C[Black still needed to play another move in the lower right, but saving a couple of stones here first was sente because it threatened to cut and capture some of White's stones.];W[ih];B[sr];W[oh];B[qh];W[bn];B[ns];W[aj];B[ai];W[ak];B[sb];W[oa];B[ej];W[ra];B[dk];W[me]C[White should have reinforced in the bottom left, but Gu didn't answer because he was behind and he wanted to finish the game here.];B[ap]LB[me:50][ng:E][il:D][in:C][ap:51][cp:A][qq:B]C[White resigned here.After Black 251 there will be either a ko or a seki in the bottom left corner. White should resign either way. If White had defended the corner instead of playing at 250, Black would have won by 16 points on the board.This game was quite interesting and fun to watch, and it was a fitting start to the jubango.White felt good in the opening, but the game became favorable for Black after he cut at A.White B was a poorly timed probe, and Lee didn't miss his chance to change the flow of the game with C. Black took the initiative with the attack up to D.White tried to fight back severely and complicate the game with E, but it seemed to be a bit too late. Lee managed the game very well, and I couldn't find any opportunities for White to win after E.The games of this match have longer time limits than most tournaments do these days. In these sorts of slower games, it's quite hard to reverse a game once one falls behind. That's because the other player has enough time to think carefully at critical moments and maintain their lead through difficult situations.Lee Sedol is off to a nice start in the jubango, and let's follow the rest of the match together. Every game will be played on the last Sunday of the month, and I'm happy to be able to watch games between two of the world's best Go players.I'm also happy to be able to share this interesting game with you, and I hope you'll be able to understand and enjoy this game more with this commentary.If you have any questions or opinions about the game, or the jubango, please feel free to leave a comment.Thanks,Commented by Younggil An 8p http://gogameguru.com/](;W[ar]C[If White hanes here,];B[an]LB[am:A]C[Black will hane here, and it will be a ko after White throws in at A.])(;W[am]C[If White answers here,];B[cs](;W[ds];B[ar];W[ao]LB[as:A]C[It's a seki. Neither player can atari at A without putting their own stones in atari.])(;W[ar];B[as]C[Or another ko.]))(;W[ao]C[If White blocks here,];B[cs](;W[ar];B[as]C[It's still a ko.])(;W[ds];B[ar]C[Or a seki.])))(;W[rc]LB[oo:A]C[If White doesn't defend at A,];B[no];W[oo];B[pn];W[nm];B[mq](;W[mp];B[nr]C[White's lower right group can't make two eyes.])(;W[nr];B[jr]LB[jr:B][nr:A][gs:C]C[Resisting with A changes nothing, because Black can still just connect with B. Remember that Black C is sente - White's still in trouble.])))(;B[gf]C[If Black answers here,];W[ie];B[jd];W[ge];B[ee];W[je];B[kd];W[ke];B[lc];W[kf]LB[eg:B][dh:A]C[White can live like this, and then White can play at A in sente later, because it threatens to continue with B.]))(;W[je]TR[ic][id]C[If White attaches here, to capture the marked stones in a net,];B[if]LB[ie:B][hf:A]C[Black can push here through here and A and B are miai.]))(;W[ic]C[If White answers here,];B[nf]C[Black will cut here to get some more liberties, and];W[oe];B[me];W[og];B[hd];W[gd];B[ge]C[Cutting here now.];W[jd];B[ie];W[je];B[if];W[hf];B[jg];W[gf];B[fe];W[gc];B[ff];W[ih];B[nb];W[ob];B[mb];W[pc];B[gh]C[Black's winning the capturing race comfortably. Black has 8 liberties while White has 6.]))(;W[jc]C[Extending here seems to be best, and];B[kc]C[Attaching here is a good response.](;W[jd]C[If White extends here,];B[nb];W[ob];B[lb];W[na];B[mb];W[pc]LB[oc:A]C[White has to take time to defend the cutting point at A, and];B[jb];W[ib];B[ja]C[Black can live like this. Next...];W[eb];B[fb];W[gb]C[This is a good sequence to help White settle his group, and];B[db];W[fc];B[ea];W[fd];B[fe];W[ge]C[White can live like this, and if you compare this to the result in the actual game, you'll see this diagram is much better for White. Black's still in the lead, but it's very close. This would have been the best option for White.])(;W[kb]C[If White hanes underneath,];B[nb];W[ob];B[lb]LB[jb:B][oc:A]C[Black will still play like this, and A and B are miai next.])))(;B[nf]C[If Black cuts here,];W[oe];B[me];W[og]LB[me:C][oe:B][nf:A][og:D]C[White can answer like this, and the exchanges from A to D become bad for Black.]))(;B[jc]C[If Black takes care of his top group,];W[rh];B[pg];W[qf];B[pf];W[qe];B[pe];W[qd]LB[ph:C][pi:B][qi:A]C[White will play like this, and it's very complicated. The groups at A, B and C become entangled.]))(;B[ne]C[If Black cuts here,];W[oe];B[od]LB[me:A]C[White can't atari at A, because of shortage of liberties, but];W[nf];B[me];W[pe];B[qd];W[ri];B[qj];W[rh]LB[qd:C][pe:B][pg:D][ph:A]TR[ki][li][qi][qj][rj][ik][jk][kk][mk][nk][ok][pk][qk][il][kl][ml][km]C[White can play like this. Black's stone at A is captured, and the center group is in trouble. It's worth observing how the forcing exchange of B for C makes it so that Black can't save his cutting stone with D.]))(;B[qg]C[If Black ataris here,];W[rh]LB[pg:B][qj:A]C[White will extend, and A and B are miai next.])(;B[ri]C[If Black extends here,];W[nc];B[mc];W[ne];B[jc];W[rk];B[rj];W[qg]TR[ki][li][qi][ri][rj][ik][jk][kk][mk][nk][ok][pk][qk][il][kl][ml][km]C[White can play like this, and Black's center group is in trouble.]))(;W[li]C[If White connects here,];B[ni]C[Black will cut and the game will become much easier for Black. White wants to complicate the game and look for an opportunity to reverse it, so this is no good for White.]))(;B[nf]C[Cutting here is also conceivable, and];W[pg]C[White will attach here next.];B[qg];W[of];B[me];W[mh]C[White needs to come back here now, and];B[pf];W[og];B[pe]C[Black can connect like this, but];W[qh];B[rh];W[qi];B[ri];W[nd];B[ne];W[lc]C[The game's becoming closer, so this isn't a very good option for Black.]))(;W[ec]C[If White pushes here,];B[fd]C[Black will just extend here.];W[fc];B[gd]TR[he][hg][ig][jh][kh][lh][hi][ii][hj][hk][gl][hl][jl][gm][hm][im][jm][hn]C[White's center group is becoming weaker and weaker.]))(;W[hg]C[If White simply pushes here,];B[gh];W[jg]LB[ih:A]C[He needs to come back and defend here, to prevent Black A. White's development here is too slow and heavy.];B[ed]TR[hg][ig][jg][jh][kh][lh][ii][hj][hk][gl][hl][jl][gm][hm][im][jm][hn]C[Black's leaning attack here is powerful and the game becomes hopeless for White.]))(;B[hi]LB[ig:A]C[If Black rushes carelessly to cut White A from the group,];W[ij];B[ih];W[ji];B[jg]LB[ig:A]C[Like this...];W[of];B[qf];W[od];B[pc];W[gj]C[White can counter-attack here, and];B[fk];W[gi];B[gh];W[fh];B[hf];W[fg];B[gf];W[ei]LB[gk:A][hk:B]C[It will be a big capturing race between the groups A and B. The game is already good for Black so he doesn't need to pursue this kind of extreme strategy.]))(;B[mg];W[mh];B[ki];W[kh];B[hi];W[ij];B[ih];W[ji];B[pg]LB[mg:A][ih:D][hi:C][ki:B]C[Black could also consider attacking White with the moves up to here. The forcing exchanges at A-D make White's group heavier, but they also remove aji. A player like Lee Sedol would be reluctant to remove aji like this if he didn't think he could capture White's group.](;W[ig]C[White still has some aji here.](;B[hg];W[kf];B[ke];W[if];B[jg];W[je];B[kg];W[lg];B[kf];W[ie];B[dh]LB[gi:C][gj:A][fk:B]C[Black should hane here to defend against White A-C, then];W[of];B[pf];W[kd];B[ld];W[mf];B[le];W[od]LB[ph:A]C[White's group is far from captured and the game has become very complicated. Lee might have thought about this and decided that the move he played in the game (at A) was simpler and clearer for him.])(;B[jg]C[Black has to read carefully before simply cutting.];W[gj]C[This exchange is sente, so];B[fk];W[gi];B[gh];W[fh];B[hf];W[fg];B[gf];W[dh]LB[jg:B][ph:A]TR[fi][fj][fk][gk][fl][em][en][in][jn][do][eo][ho][io][fp][hp][fq][gq][hq][gr]SQ[jh][kh][lh][mh][nh][gi][ii][ji][gj][hj][ij][hk][gl][hl][jl][gm][hm][im][jm][hn][go][gp]C[The marked groups can become entangled in a capturing race. White can extend his liberties in sente with moves like A (even before cutting as shown here), so cutting at B is very risky for Black.]))(;W[ph]C[It's not easy for White to separate Black.];B[qh];W[og];B[pf];W[qi](;B[pi];W[oi]C[White might aim to start a huge ko like this, but Black can avoid this variation.])(;B[ri]C[This double hane is an interesting counter, and];W[rh];B[qg];W[rj];B[pi]LB[oh:A][qj:B]C[Black A and B are miai, so Black's groups are connected. White can't start a ko now because his stones are in atari.]))))(;W[ig]C[If White tries to break through here,];B[he]LB[ih:A][gj:B]C[Black can just keep up the attack like this, while staying flexible. Black doesn't need to wedge at A and cut immediately. Doing so would make Black's position heavier, particularly because White's atari at A is sente.];W[hg];B[dh]LB[jg:D][gh:A][ih:B][ji:C]TR[hg][ig]C[This is good enough for Black. As you can see, White's marked stones don't create anything much of value. Later on, if Black is able to play at A for some reason, then wedging at B (making miai of C and D) is still a threat.]))(;B[lh]C[Capping on this side attacks from the wrong direction.];W[jf];B[lf];W[jd];B[ld]C[Black can develop the top right area, but];W[dh];B[fg];W[fd]LB[qc:B][qf:A][rj:C]SQ[fg][hh][fi][fj][gk][fl][em][en][in][jn][do][eo][ho][io][fp][hp][fq][gq][hq][gr]C[Black needs to worry about his own dragon now, and White can still invade or reduce Black's top right moyo with moves like A-C later.])(;B[if]C[The knight's move is usually a good attacking haengma, but it wasn't the best move in this situation.];W[jf];B[je];W[kf];B[ke];W[mf];B[le];W[mh]TR[ik][jk][kk][mk][nk][ok][pk][qk]C[White can make a good shape in the center and Black needs to look after his wall now.]))(;W[jf]C[If White jumps out here,];B[no]C[Black can atari here now.](;W[nm];B[oo]TR[nl][ol][pl][ql][lm][mm][nm][kn][ln][nn][ko][ip][kp][lp][jq]C[Now White's whole lower right group is in danger.])(;W[oo]LB[qk:A]C[If White cuts here, which worked before Black played A,];B[nm];W[pn];B[pm];W[po];B[qm]LB[om:A]TR[nl][ol][pl][ql]C[White's marked stones are captured. White can't cut at A because he's short of liberties. White's lower right group is in trouble.])))(;W[ih]C[If White pushes here,];B[qk];W[rl]C[Black can still make this exchange in sente first, then];B[ig](;W[jg]C[White wants to hane here, but it's dangerous.];B[jh]C[Cutting here is powerful.];W[hg];B[hi];W[ij];B[if]C[White's in trouble and Black's cutting stone is stronger than it looks.](;W[kh];B[ji];W[jj];B[ki];W[kj];B[li]TR[ih][ii][hj][ij][jj][kj][hk][gl][hl][jl][gm][hm][im][jm][hn][go][gp]C[White runs out of steam after Black extends here. White's marked group has very few liberties.])(;W[kg]C[White might try to create a ladder like this, but];B[kh];W[lh];B[ki];W[hf];B[ie];W[gj];B[fk];W[gi];B[gh];W[fh];B[gg]C[White can't capture any of Black's stones.])(;W[jf];B[gg];W[ki];B[kh];W[lh];B[kg]C[Even if White tries to break out like this, White's stones are still incredibly weak and it's much worse than the result in the actual game.]))(;W[kh]C[You might think that White could jump out like this, but];B[jg]C[It hurts when Black takes the vital point, and];W[li];B[lf]C[It's very hard for White to move out in good style now.](;W[nh];B[ph];W[nf];B[mg];W[ng];B[mh];W[mi];B[ni]C[This cutting point is a problem for White.])(;W[mg];B[lg];W[mh];B[lh]LB[ki:A][mi:B]C[White shape is too thin and Black's wall is too powerful. Black can cut at A or B.])(;W[mh];B[ph];W[ng];B[lg];W[ni];B[pf]C[Black's happy to take many points while White struggles to simply keep his stones connected. Playing like this would feel humiliating for White.]))))(;B[no];W[nm]LB[ok:C][nm:B][no:A]C[If Black ataris at A, White will connect at B and Black might feel proud. However, Black C and the following moves from the game won't be powerful anymore, so Black A is aji keshi (a move which destroys Black's potential).]))(;W[hh]C[If White just jumps out here,];B[jl]LB[hl:A]C[This atari also threatens to cut at A next.];W[hl];B[ii];W[hi];B[hm]C[And Black can connect his groups.];W[on]C[If White takes care of this group now,];B[ed]TR[hh][hi][hj][hk][gl][hl][gm][hn][go][gp]C[Black can press here and start a leaning attack against White's center dragon.];W[ec];B[fd];W[gc];B[gd];W[hc];B[hd];W[ic];B[id]TR[hh][hi][hj][hk][gl][hl][gm][hn][go][gp]C[White's marked stones are in danger.]))(;W[qr]C[If White connects,];B[pp]LB[hk:3][jl:A][ko:2][mp:B][rp:C][qr:1]C[Black will connect here, and White's too busy to manage his three groups. Black A and B are both severe continuations for Black, and C is also quite big.]))(;B[kn]C[This is what White wants.];W[km];B[io];W[pq]C[White gets time to play both in the center and the corner. White's happy.]))(;W[km]C[If White connects here,];B[pq];W[qr];B[rp]C[Black can return to the lower right and atari before connecting solidly here, then];W[ko]C[Even if White hanes here later,];B[kp]TR[op][qq][qr][rr]C[Black can play here and White's stones in the lower right corner are practically dead.](;W[io]C[If White cuts here,](;B[jp]LB[jo:A][iq:B]C[Black A and B are miai and this is good enough for Black.])(;B[jo];W[jp];B[kn];W[ko]C[Black mustn't be tricked by this snapback.]))(;W[jp]C[This doesn't work, because](;B[io]LB[kn:A][jo:B]TR[ip][jp][jq]C[Black can simply connect. Now A and B are miai and White's marked stones are captured.])(;B[kn];W[io];B[jo];W[ko]C[Black has to be careful of this snapback too.])))(;W[pq]C[If White plays here,];B[km];W[kn];B[ko]C[Black can cut like this, and it's different to the diagram we looked at earlier.];W[jk];B[ll]LB[fn:A]C[White can't make an eye at A anymore, so his group is weaker now. Black's group is also slightly stronger than in the earlier variation.]))(;B[ko]C[If Black plays here, which would be normal,];W[ho];B[io];W[pq]C[White will have time to come back here, and];B[km]C[Even if Black cuts,];W[jk]LB[fn:A]C[White can still maintain good shape in the center and his group becomes hard to attack. White has a potential eye at A if he needs it later.]))(;W[io]C[If White connects here instead,];B[hn];W[gn];B[hh]LB[rr:A]C[Black can profit from attacking White's center group, before going back the the lower right later on. The flow of the game changed very suddenly after White probed at A.]))(;W[jm]C[White should have cut here instead.](;B[km];W[kn];B[jo]C[If Black tries to cut and fight,](;W[ll]LB[kk:B][ko:A]C[White will push here. A and B are miai next.];B[jp];W[kk];B[iq]LB[ch:A]C[Black can connect like this, but White's center group also becomes strong and White has sente to play a big move like A.])(;W[ko];B[kp];W[jp];B[ll]TR[lm][kn][ln][ko]C[White can't cut immediately, because Black will capture the marked stones in a ladder.]))(;B[mm];W[ll];B[ml];W[lk];B[nj]C[If Black builds the territory on the right side,];W[dh]TR[fi][fj][gk][fl][em][en][do][eo][fp][fq][gq][hq][gr]C[White's center dragon has become strong, while Black's is still weak, so extending here is powerful.];B[fg];W[df]TR[fg][fi][fj][gk][fl][em][do][eo][fp][fq][gq][hq][gr]SQ[ce][ci]C[White can execute a leaning attack against Black's dragon and the game's still complicated.])(;B[dh]C[If Black comes back here, which is the right move,];W[rr]C[Now White can probe in the lower right without fearing a counter-attack. The game's slightly better for Black, but it's still a long game.])))(;B[fh]C[Jumping looks normal, but it's a bit thin in this case.];W[dh]LB[fi:A]C[After White extends here, Black will need to worry about the cutting point at A. That's why Black didn't jump in the game.]))(;B[fh]C[If Black just plays a normal looking move like this,];W[el]LB[fk:A][fm:B]TR[em][en][do][eo][fp][fq][gq][hq][gr]C[Black will find himself in big trouble when White clamps here. Cutting at A or B next is miai for White, so Black's marked stones will die])(;B[ir]C[Black could also try to live with starting with this move, and];W[jr];B[hp];W[io];B[ho];W[in];B[gn]LB[mr:B][js:A]C[Up to here, Black lives successfully. However, this feels a bit passive for Black and if A becomes sente for White later on (which seems likely), White will have the option of playing an endgame move at B. This could become very annoying for Black later and Lee Sedol wouldn't like this kind of variation.]))(;B[dj]C[If Black tries to fight back immediately,];W[cj];B[ch];W[dh];B[dg];W[eg];B[df];W[gi]TR[eg][dh][di][gi]C[White can enclose Black's lower left group with this shape, and Black's in trouble.])(;B[ch]C[If Black simply extends, which is often a good move,];W[fi]C[This attachment is powerful.](;B[dj]C[If Black hanes here,];W[ej];B[ek];W[ei]LB[cj:B][dk:A]C[A and B are miai, so Black can't connect.])(;B[ej]C[If Black extends here,](;W[dj]LB[dh:B][ei:A]TR[di][dj]SQ[ci][ej]C[Cutting here is good enough. A and B are miai for White and Black's shape is broken.])(;W[ei]C[White might also think about blocking here, which looks more severe.];B[dj];W[cj];B[gi];W[gj](;B[gh]TR[di][ei][fi]C[Black can capture White's cutting stones in a Crane's Nest up to here, but this is what White's hoping for. Continuing...];W[fk];B[ek];W[el]C[This is a strong combination, and];B[gk];W[fm]TR[em][en][do][eo][fp][fq][hq][gr]C[White's happy to cut off the tail of Black's group. However, capturing White's three stones was too greedy and Black can do better (see the variation).])(;B[gk]LB[gh:A][hk:B]C[Simply bulging here is a more powerful than it looks. Now A and B are miai for Black.];W[gh];B[hk];W[hi];B[ik];W[jn]LB[ei:A]TR[gm][im][lm][jn][ln][go][ip][jq]C[Black can escape and White's marked stones feel weak now, so White A can be seen to be an overplay.]))))(;B[dh]C[If Black hanes here,];W[ei];B[gi];W[eh]C[The moves up to here are natural for both players and it's another game.]))(;B[kn]C[If Black hanes here,];W[ko]C[White will cut here, and](;B[kp]C[Black might consider the atari here, but then];W[jo];B[mn];W[lm];B[km];W[mo];B[lp];W[nn];B[mm];W[ll]C[The resulting fight is very complicated.])(;B[mo]C[So Black can think about extending here instead, but];W[km];B[lm];W[jn];B[mn]C[Up to here, White's shape becomes stronger. Next...];W[gp];B[gq];W[jl]LB[fk:B][ll:A]C[Bulging like this is a powerful move which aims to play either A or B next.];B[kn]C[Capturing here is natural, but];W[fk]C[Cutting here is severe.](;B[gk];W[ek];B[gl];W[gj](;B[jm];W[ik]TR[gk][fl][gl][em][en][do][eo][fp][fq][gq][hq][gr]C[Black's marked stones are in grave danger.])(;B[ik]C[If Black tries to cut here,];W[hk];B[hl];W[il];B[ij];W[ii];B[kk];W[ln];B[ji];W[hh];B[kn];W[ir]LB[fp:A][gp:B]C[It's a capturing race between the groups A and B, but White will win.]))(;B[ek]C[Playing atari on this side isn't possible.];W[el]LB[gk:A][fm:B]C[White simply cuts here and now A and B are miai for White.]))(;B[jo]C[And this atari doesn't work, because];W[kp];B[lp];W[km];B[jn];W[jm]TR[jn][kn][jo]C[Black can't save the three cutting stones.])))(;B[hk]LB[kl:A][rq:B]C[Among other things, Black A threatens to cut White like this. However, Black should defend the lower right corner at B first (as he did in the game). This variation is just to show you what Black's thinking about.];W[ik];B[hl];W[il];B[ij](;W[hi];B[jj]C[If White saves his cutting stone, Black can extend too and the resulting fight looks good for Black.])(;W[jj];B[ii];W[kk]LB[ed:A][ml:B][rq:C]C[Continuing like this is safer for White and now Black has good continuations at A and B. However, remember that it's too early to play these moves, because Black wants to defend at C first.])))(;W[lm]C[White could also play here first.];B[no]C[If Black answers like this,];W[hj]LB[op:A]C[White can come back here. Now White's center group is far more comfortable compared to the actual game. This comes at the expense of weakening White A slightly.]))(;W[dr]C[If White takes Black's stone,];B[ep];W[dq];B[cs];W[ds]LB[gs:B][hs:A]C[Now Black can choose between playing A or B in sente later, which makes Black's position even more flexible than it was in the game.];B[hs]LB[kr:B][fs:A]C[This is a good tesuji. Starting a ko with A or connecting under with B are miai for Black now.]))(;W[gr]C[If White resists,];B[ep];W[dq];B[ds];W[cs];B[hr]TR[fr][gr]C[Black can capture White's two stones.]))(;W[gr]C[If White extends here, which was my first instinct.](;B[hp]C[Black will play here, and];W[hr]TR[bp][cp][bq][br]C[White should connect here, to capture the marked stones on a large scale without leaving behind any bad aji. However...];B[iq];W[ir];B[jp]C[Black can cut here, and];W[kp];B[io];W[kq];B[ko]LB[br:A]TR[gm][im][go]C[Even though Black's stone at A was wasted, White's center stones are floating now, and it's rather troublesome for White.](;W[po];B[qo];W[pq];B[qq];W[qr]LB[lp:A]C[White might might try to settle a group in the lower right, while eyeing the cutting point at A.](;B[no]C[However, Black can foil White's plan with this move.];W[or];B[pn]C[Black simply seals White in while developing even more influence over the center. Black's center area is very powerful and solid, so White shouldn't play like this.])(;B[rr];W[or];B[qs]C[The moves up to here would be normal for both players, but Black's showing a lack of understanding of what White really wants...];W[lp];B[mp];W[mq];B[nq];W[mo];B[mr];W[np]C[White's plan has been successful and it's bad for Black.]))(;W[lp]C[Pushing through immediately doesn't lead to a good result for White.];B[mp];W[mo];B[no];W[mn];B[np]C[Black will be happy with this result.])(;W[mq]C[Clamping here might look like a tesuji, but it doesn't work well either.];B[lp];W[lr];B[kr];W[jr];B[mr];W[ks];B[nq];W[mp];B[or];W[np];B[pq]C[This result isn't good for White.]))(;B[hr]C[If Black blocks here,];W[gq];B[gp];W[hp]LB[ep:A][dq:B][er:C][gs:D]C[White can push and cut here. There are many possible moves for Black, but none of them seem to work.];B[ep]C[For example...];W[dq];B[er]C[This looks like a tesuji, but];W[es](;B[gs];W[dr];B[hs]C[If Black plays like this,];W[fs];B[cs];W[bs]C[Throwing in here is good, and];B[as];W[aq]C[White will win the capturing race with this move, and Black's stones will die.])(;B[cs];W[dr];B[bs]C[If Black plays here first,];W[ds];B[gs];W[ir];B[hs];W[is]C[Black can't save any of his stones like this either.]))))(;B[gr]C[If Black simply blocks here,];W[er]C[White will just connect, and now there's no more aji in the corner.];B[br]C[Even if Black pushes here now,];W[bs]C[White can simply hane, and];B[ep];W[dq];B[ds];W[cs]LB[es:B][fs:A][gs:C]C[Even playing A to C isn't sente for Black, because White's stones already have an eye and Black's don't, which means White's already won any possible capturing race in the corner.]))(;W[bq]C[If White blocks here,];B[gr]LB[dr:A]C[Black can play to sacrifice his two cutting stones. First of all, this move threatens to play at A next, then];W[er];B[ep]C[Black can get another forcing move in here, and finally];W[dq];B[cn]C[Black can complete the sacrifice by cutting here in sente.];W[bo];B[bn];W[ap]LB[bj:A][bl:B]C[After this, Black will be able to play at A in sente later, aiming to followup with a move like B.]))(;W[gr]TR[fp][fq][hq]C[White should have taken the vital point of Black's shape by extending here, since Black didn't block there.];B[hp]C[Black will play the bamboo joint, then];W[in]LB[ir:A]C[White can jump here and make shape lightly. White's shape is a bit thin, but this is better than the result in the game. White can still connect under with A later.]))(;B[gr]C[Almost everyone would have have expected Black to block here, including me.];W[er];B[hq];W[jm]C[However, this is what Gu wanted. Now Black's aji in the corner has been erased and White's center group can move out with good shape.]))(;W[er]C[Descending here would have been better.](;B[hq]C[If Black jumps here, as in the actual game,];W[jm]C[White's happy to make shape with this jump. There are no weaknesses in the lower left corner now and White's center stones are flexible.])(;B[fj]LB[di:A][op:B][gr:C]TR[go][ip][jq]C[If Black just jumps here, White can attach at A, or move the stone at B out. White can connect under, to help the marked stones, at anytime with C.])))(;W[cp]C[Reinforcing here is normal, and White's position is still fine after this move.](;B[ek]C[If Black jumps out next,];W[dj]C[White can simply separate Black's groups like this, and the game is going smoothly for White.])(;B[fl]C[Perhaps Gu disliked this move.](;W[hk]C[If White moves out, which is natural,];B[dl];W[cl];B[dk]LB[dj:A][cm:B]C[Black can continue like this, and it's difficult for White to cut at A, because White has to be mindful of his own weakness at B.])(;W[dj]C[If White moves out like this,];B[gl];W[hl];B[hk];W[il];B[gj]LB[gj:5][hk:3][gl:1][hl:2][il:4]C[Black can develop his group with 1-5. Gu may disliked this sort of development.]))))(;B[el]C[Simply extending here would be slack.];W[eo];B[fo];W[fn]LB[gm:A][gn:B]C[Pushing and cutting works well now, because White's extra stone at A defends the cutting point at B. Continuing...];B[ep];W[do];B[dq];W[er]LB[dr:C][er:A][fr:B]C[The moves up to here might seem natural for Black. However, White's extension to A makes miai of B and C, and Black collapses.]))(;W[fo]C[Cutting here still doesn't work.];B[eo];W[ep];B[do];W[co];B[cp]C[Cutting here first is good, and then];W[cq];B[bp](;W[bq]C[This is the right move, and];B[er];W[dq];B[cn];W[bo];B[bn];W[ap];B[dl]C[Black can pursue a sacrificing strategy.];W[cm];B[cl];W[bm];B[bl];W[an];B[dk]TR[bn][cn][bp][cp][fp][fq][er]C[Even though White captures many of Black stones, the result is still favorable for Black. White's lower left group is mostly deep in the corner, and it doesn't have any future potential in this game.])(;W[bo]C[White can't block here, because];B[er];W[dq];B[bq]TR[dp][ep][cq][dq][eq]C[White's five stones will be captured.])))(;W[fo]C[If White tries to cut, like this,];B[eo];W[ep];B[do];W[co];B[cn]C[Cutting here is good.](;W[cp]C[White has to connect here.];B[dm]LB[ck:A]TR[fp][fq]C[Black gives up the marked stones, but White's territory in the lower left is greatly reduced and White A becomes weak. This result is good for Black.])(;W[dm]C[If White saves this stone,];B[cp]LB[bo:A][er:B]TR[dp][ep][eq]C[Black will cut here and then taking a stone with A, or capturing White's marked stones in a ladder with B are miai.]))(;W[eo]C[If White pushes and cuts from this side,];B[fo];W[fn]LB[em:B][gn:A]C[Black can consider continuing with A or B now.](;B[gn];W[em];B[fm];W[en];B[ho];W[gm];B[hn]C[This is relatively simple continuation and the result is reasonable for Black.])(;B[em]C[Extending here is also conceivable, but the position becomes quite complicated after this, so Black needs to come up with a clear continuation first..])))(;B[fo]C[If Black just pushes up here,];W[gn];B[fn];W[fm];B[em];W[en]C[This fight is very difficult for Black.]))(;W[fo]C[Playing around here is slack.];B[ir]C[Now Black will be happy to slide under here and White's territory becomes much smaller.]))(;B[ir]C[If Black slides underneath now,];W[pn]LB[pn:B][go:A]C[White can play a move around here and White's able to manage his groups on both sides. Black shouldn't just follow White around the board.]))(;W[pn]C[If White plays around here,];B[ho]LB[pn:B][ip:A]C[Black will move his lower left group out while applying pressure to A. This is why White didn't play at B.]))(;B[pn]C[Strengthening Black's corner, like this, is also possible.](;W[qq];B[rq];W[on]TR[lq]C[White might continue with a leaning attack, like this.];B[om];W[po];B[qo];W[pm];B[qn];W[nn];B[ol];W[pq];B[rr];W[jq];B[lo];W[mm]LB[kn:A][go:B]C[Both players could fight like this and it's another game. White can aim to play moves like A or B next.])(;W[lo]C[This capping play is also conceivable and it's another game.])))(;W[cg]C[If White invades here later,](;B[ee](;W[fd];B[dh]TR[cg]C[Black can play like this, and it's hard for White to move the marked stone out.])(;W[dh]C[If White plays here,];B[fc]LB[dc:A]TR[fc][pd][ee]C[Black can enclose White's corner stone at A. White's potential at the top has been erased and replaced with Black's. What's more, White A isn't alive in the corner yet, so this isn't a good idea for White.]))(;B[ed]C[Pressing here is also possible.];W[ec];B[fd];W[gc];B[dh]LB[cg:A]C[Black can still maintain a good shape and suppress A like this.])))(;B[cf]C[Extending here is also conceivable, but];W[cd]TR[cf][ci]C[After White checks Black's group with this kosumi, Black's marked stones feel constricted and are not completely settled yet. Extending one line further gives Black more room to breathe in this case, even though it looks thinner.]))(;W[ce]LB[ce:A][cf:B]C[If White encloses the top left corner, at A or B,];B[cl]TR[dn][dp][eq]SQ[fp][fq]C[White's marked stones will become much weaker after Black extends here. This also assists Black's two marked stones indirectly.]))(;B[ir]LB[ci:A][ip:10][ir:11]C[Black could try to connect under here, but it's passive for Black. White will play at A next and, because black 11 is very low, White can regard 10 for 11 as a forcing exchange.])(;B[gn]C[Black might run away like this, but then];W[in]C[White will run out with Black, and];B[gl];W[dk]C[White can take profit on the left side naturally.];B[ik]C[Black can continue by capping here, but];W[lo]C[It's hard to attack White's three stones effectively after White makes shape here.]))(;B[kq]C[If Black extends here instead, forming the Mini Chinese Opening,];W[iq]LB[cn:B][dn:A]C[White plans to invade right away. The stone at A is better placed to provide support for this invasion (and any subsequent fighting) than it would be at B.]))